A goroutine pool for Go
English | [中文](README_ZH.md)
## 📖 Introduction
Library `ants` implements a goroutine pool with fixed capacity, managing and recycling a massive number of goroutines, allowing developers to limit the number of goroutines in your concurrent programs.
## 🚀 Features:
- Managing and recycling a massive number of goroutines automatically
- Purging overdue goroutines periodically
- Abundant APIs: submitting tasks, getting the number of running goroutines, tuning the capacity of the pool dynamically, releasing the pool, rebooting the pool, etc.
- Handle panic gracefully to prevent programs from crash
- Efficient in memory usage and it may even achieve ***higher performance*** than unlimited goroutines in Go
- Nonblocking mechanism
- Preallocated memory (ring buffer, optional)
## 💡 How `ants` works
### Flow Diagram
### Activity Diagrams
## 🧰 How to install
### For `ants` v1
``` powershell
go get -u github.com/panjf2000/ants
```
### For `ants` v2 (with GO111MODULE=on)
```powershell
go get -u github.com/panjf2000/ants/v2
```
## 🛠 How to use
Check out [the examples](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/panjf2000/ants/v2#pkg-examples) for basic usage.
### Functional options for pool
`ants.Options`contains all optional configurations of the ants pool, which allows you to customize the goroutine pool by invoking option functions to set up each configuration in `NewPool`/`NewPoolWithFunc`/`NewPoolWithFuncGeneric` method.
Check out [ants.Options](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/panjf2000/ants/v2#Options) and [ants.Option](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/panjf2000/ants/v2#Option) for more details.
### Customize pool capacity
`ants` supports customizing the capacity of the pool. You can call the `NewPool` method to instantiate a `Pool` with a given capacity, as follows:
``` go
p, _ := ants.NewPool(10000)
```
### Submit tasks
Tasks can be submitted by calling `ants.Submit`
```go
ants.Submit(func(){})
```
### Tune pool capacity at runtime
You can tune the capacity of `ants` pool at runtime with `ants.Tune`:
``` go
pool.Tune(1000) // Tune its capacity to 1000
pool.Tune(100000) // Tune its capacity to 100000
```
Don't worry about the contention problems in this case, the method here is thread-safe (or should be called goroutine-safe).
### Pre-malloc goroutine queue in pool
`ants` allows you to pre-allocate the memory of the goroutine queue in the pool, which may get a performance enhancement under some special certain circumstances such as the scenario that requires a pool with ultra-large capacity, meanwhile, each task in goroutine lasts for a long time, in this case, pre-mallocing will reduce a lot of memory allocation in goroutine queue.
```go
// ants will pre-malloc the whole capacity of pool when calling ants.NewPool.
p, _ := ants.NewPool(100000, ants.WithPreAlloc(true))
```
### Release pool
```go
pool.Release()
```
or
```go
pool.ReleaseTimeout(time.Second * 3)
```
### Reboot pool
```go
// A pool that has been released can be still used after calling the Reboot().
pool.Reboot()
```
## ⚙️ About sequence
All tasks submitted to `ants` pool will not be guaranteed to be addressed in order, because those tasks scatter among a series of concurrent workers, thus those tasks would be executed concurrently.
## 👏 Contributors
Please read our [Contributing Guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md) before opening a PR and thank you to all the developers who already made contributions to `ants`!
## 📄 License
The source code in `ants` is available under the [MIT License](/LICENSE).
## 📚 Relevant Articles
- [Goroutine 并发调度模型深度解析之手撸一个高性能 goroutine 池](https://taohuawu.club/high-performance-implementation-of-goroutine-pool)
- [Visually Understanding Worker Pool](https://medium.com/coinmonks/visually-understanding-worker-pool-48a83b7fc1f5)
- [The Case For A Go Worker Pool](https://brandur.org/go-worker-pool)
- [Go Concurrency - GoRoutines, Worker Pools and Throttling Made Simple](https://twin.sh/articles/39/go-concurrency-goroutines-worker-pools-and-throttling-made-simple)
## 🖥 Use cases
### business corporations
Trusted by the following corporations/organizations.
If you're also using `ants` in production, please help us enrich this list by opening a pull request.
### open-source software
The open-source projects below do concurrent programming with the help of `ants`.
- [gnet](https://github.com/panjf2000/gnet): A high-performance, lightweight, non-blocking, event-driven networking framework written in pure Go.
- [milvus](https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus): An open-source vector database for scalable similarity search and AI applications.
- [nps](https://github.com/ehang-io/nps): A lightweight, high-performance, powerful intranet penetration proxy server, with a powerful web management terminal.
- [TDengine](https://github.com/taosdata/TDengine): TDengine is an open source, high-performance, cloud native time-series database optimized for Internet of Things (IoT), Connected Cars, and Industrial IoT.
- [siyuan](https://github.com/siyuan-note/siyuan): SiYuan is a local-first personal knowledge management system that supports complete offline use, as well as end-to-end encrypted synchronization.
- [osmedeus](https://github.com/j3ssie/osmedeus): A Workflow Engine for Offensive Security.
- [jitsu](https://github.com/jitsucom/jitsu/tree/master): An open-source Segment alternative. Fully-scriptable data ingestion engine for modern data teams. Set-up a real-time data pipeline in minutes, not days.
- [triangula](https://github.com/RH12503/triangula): Generate high-quality triangulated and polygonal art from images.
- [teler](https://github.com/kitabisa/teler): Real-time HTTP Intrusion Detection.
- [bsc](https://github.com/binance-chain/bsc): A Binance Smart Chain client based on the go-ethereum fork.
- [jaeles](https://github.com/jaeles-project/jaeles): The Swiss Army knife for automated Web Application Testing.
- [devlake](https://github.com/apache/incubator-devlake): The open-source dev data platform & dashboard for your DevOps tools.
- [matrixone](https://github.com/matrixorigin/matrixone): MatrixOne is a future-oriented hyper-converged cloud and edge native DBMS that supports transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads with a simplified and distributed database engine, across multiple data centers, clouds, edges and other heterogeneous infrastructures.
- [bk-bcs](https://github.com/TencentBlueKing/bk-bcs): BlueKing Container Service (BCS, same below) is a container management and orchestration platform for the micro-services under the BlueKing ecosystem.
- [trueblocks-core](https://github.com/TrueBlocks/trueblocks-core): TrueBlocks improves access to blockchain data for any EVM-compatible chain (particularly Ethereum mainnet) while remaining entirely local.
- [openGemini](https://github.com/openGemini/openGemini): openGemini is an open-source,cloud-native time-series database(TSDB) that can be widely used in IoT, Internet of Vehicles(IoV), O&M monitoring, and industrial Internet scenarios.
- [AdGuardDNS](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardDNS): AdGuard DNS is an alternative solution for tracker blocking, privacy protection, and parental control.
- [WatchAD2.0](https://github.com/Qihoo360/WatchAD2.0): WatchAD2.0 是 360 信息安全中心开发的一款针对域安全的日志分析与监控系统，它可以收集所有域控上的事件日志、网络流量，通过特征匹配、协议分析、历史行为、敏感操作和蜜罐账户等方式来检测各种已知与未知威胁，功能覆盖了大部分目前的常见内网域渗透手法。
- [vanus](https://github.com/vanus-labs/vanus): Vanus is a Serverless, event streaming system with processing capabilities. It easily connects SaaS, Cloud Services, and Databases to help users build next-gen Event-driven Applications.
- [trpc-go](https://github.com/trpc-group/trpc-go): A pluggable, high-performance RPC framework written in Golang.
- [motan-go](https://github.com/weibocom/motan-go): Motan is a cross-language remote procedure call(RPC) framework for rapid development of high performance distributed services. motan-go is the golang implementation of Motan.
#### All use cases:
- [Repositories that depend on ants/v2](https://github.com/panjf2000/ants/network/dependents?package_id=UGFja2FnZS0yMjY2ODgxMjg2)
- [Repositories that depend on ants/v1](https://github.com/panjf2000/ants/network/dependents?package_id=UGFja2FnZS0yMjY0ODMzNjEw)
If you have `ants` integrated into projects, feel free to open a pull request refreshing this list of use cases.
## 🔋 JetBrains OS licenses
`ants` has been being developed with GoLand under the **free JetBrains Open Source license(s)** granted by JetBrains s.r.o., hence I would like to express my thanks here.
## 💰 Backers
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